2.6. Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices—Raven’s CPM

Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM) represents a nonverbal test of intellectual abilities and discursive thinking, composed of perceptual, figurative material organized in several series, in which the tasks were arranged according to difficulty, from simple to complex [34]. The examination is performed visually. Nonverbal abilities that are assessed include (a) the ability to understand the complex relationships between stimuli, (b) the ability to find meaning among stimuli, and (c) abilities of perception and thinking. Within Raven’s CPMs, Set A is based on complementary continuous structure and is associated with visual–perceptual abilities. Set B requires the discovery of an analogy between elements. Test AB was initiated to reduce the transition in the opinion directorate. Raven’s CPM is a simplified form of the test, with 36 tasks divided into three series, with 12 tasks each. The background for drawings is painted to facilitate the maintenance of the participants’ attention. The items are arranged to assess cognitive processes, usually for children under 11 years of age or older and mentally impaired people.

The children were tested individually by trained psychologists in a quiet room of their schools. The instructions for applying the test were explained to participants in detail to facilitate application. A group of drawings that made up one whole or one principle was presented, with one of the drawings missing. The participant’s task was to discover specific relationships between the figures shown in the picture in a group of six drawings. The participant had to choose one of the six offered figures that fitted, according to a certain relationship. The number of correctly identified drawings was taken for further analysis [34]. A total of 132 children completed this test.