Sea urchins (Echinometra lucunter, Lytechinus variegatus and Arbacia lixula) were collected in São Sebastião, SP, Brazil, under license number 13852–1 from the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) and in partnership with the Center for Marine Biology (CEBIMar/USP).
Animals were collected without distinction of gender, age or size. The coelomic fluid (circa 30 mL) was extracted from the sea urchin by puncturing the peristomial membrane. Spines were removed and immersed in a buffered solution (ammonium acetate 100 mM, pH 7.3) for molecule extraction for 24 h, at 4 °C.
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