4.2. Eligibility Criteria

Original articles that examined the treatment of testicular tumors with TSS in a pediatric population were considered eligible. Studies with a research population of patients with the age of 21 or less were considered as “pediatric”. Moreover, we decided to only include original studies that included 10 patients or more. In case of original studies with a mixed adult and pediatric population, we decided to only include the study when more than 20% of the study population fell within the pediatric group. The included articles had to be available in full text in English. Both authors have assessed the full texts and disagreements have been resolved by consensus. Manual searching of references was performed based on the Guidelines for Snowballing in Systematic Literature [57]. Only intratesticular tumors were included in this review, excluding paratesticular and testicular hematolymphoid tumors.