Induction of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis and RIPK3 inhibitor treatment

Colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice through the oral ingestion of 3% DSS (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, USA) for 4 days. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with RIPK3 inhibitor (GSKʹ872; Calbiochem, La Jolla, CA, USA) 3 mg/kg three times a week for 13 days after inflammatory bowel disease induction. During the experimental period, severity of colitis was assessed daily by measuring the percentage of body weight change and disease activity index (DAI). The DAI was calculated as previously described (15), with the score incorporating indicators of body weight loss, stool consistency, and visible gross bleeding.