NO release in serum or tissues was calculated by examining the nitrate and nitrite concentrations with a Total Nitric Oxide Assay kit (Beyotime, Haimen, China). Optical densities at 540 nm were verified using a microplate reader (Biotek Instruments, Winooski, USA) and NO concentrations were calculated from a standard curve. Urea production in serum was determined using a Urea Colorimetric Assay kit (BioVision, Milpitas, USA). Mouse serum, kidney and liver were collected for the Arginase Activity Assay kit (MAK112, Sigma-Aldrich, San Luis, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
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