2.14. Statistical Analysis

Changes in cytokine and chemokine expression were tested using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis H test. Any mRNA that rejected the null hypothesis (p < 0.05) was subjected to a post-hoc Dunn’s Multiple Comparison Test with Benjamini–Krieger–Yekutieli two-stage false discovery rate correction [77]. These comparisons were completed using the SciPy [78] and scikit-posthocs [79] Python packages. Statistical significance between two values was determined using a two-tailed t test using Prism 7 (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, USA).

Data are presented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001. n = 3, indicates three independent experiments.