Dementia diagnosis

Diagnosis of dementia was established by a review of all available clinical information (i.e., neuropsychological, medical, and neurologic, but not including radiologic data) and was based on standard research criteria. Greater detail of the development of this procedure can be found in prior studies.^16,22 In brief, following each clinical evaluation, a consensus group of neurologists, psychiatrists, and neuropsychologists reviewed available data to assign a research diagnosis. A diagnosis of all-cause dementia was based on standard research criteria,²³ and then dementia subtype was determined based on research criteria for probable or possible Alzheimer disease,²³ Lewy body dementia,²⁴ or vascular dementia.²⁵ This approach has been validated in this population²² and has been used in numerous studies as an outcome to identify biological, genetic, and social risk factors for dementia.