Western blotting

Western blot assays were performed using established protocols with the following antibodies: phospho-Akt (Ser473) 1:1000 (Cell Signaling 9271), Total Akt 1:1000 (Cell Signaling 9272), phospho-MEK1/2 1:5000 (Cell Signaling 9154), Total MEK1/2 1:5000 (Cell Signaling 9122), phospho-FGF Receptor (Tyr653/654) 1:500 (Cell Signaling 3471), FGF Receptor 2 (D4L2V) 1:500 (Cell Signaling 23328), p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) 1:5000 (Cell Signaling 9101), Total MAPK 1:5000 (Cell Signaling 9102), pFRS2 1:1000 (Cell Signaling 3864), anti-FRS2 (abcam ab10425), phospho-PI3 Kinase p85 (Tyr458)/p55 (Tyr199) 1:1000 (Cell Signaling 4228), PI3 Kinase p85 (19H8) 1:000 (Cell Signaling 4257), β-actin 1:10000 (Cell Signaling 4967) and GAPDH 1:10000 (Santa Cruz sc-25778).