Quality Assessment

BG Bart van Groningen
MS M.C. van der Steen
DJ Daan M. Janssen
LR Lodewijk W. van Rhijn
AL Antoine N. van der Linden
RJ Rob P.A. Janssen
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Two reviewers (B.v.G., M.C.v.d.S.) independently assessed the individual studies for risk of bias. The assessment was based on the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing risk of bias.29 Risk of bias and assessed types of bias are presented in Table 1. Items could be scored as low risk (+), high risk (–), unknown/not reported (?), or not applicable (NA). The assessments by the 2 independent reviewers were compared and discussed for final consensus. Another reviewer could be consulted in case of nonconsent.

Risk of Bas in Included Studies

NA, not applicable; SNQ, signal to noise quotient; +, low risk of bias; -, high risk of bias; ?, unknown/not reported.

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