Cell culture and treatment

HCM were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Bethesda, MD, USA) and were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin (100 U mL^–1) and streptomycin (100 U mL^–1) in a 5% CO₂ humidified incubator at 37 °C. Cells that grew to 80% confluence were used in the experiments.

BVZ was obtained from Selleck Chemicals and was prepared to make a series of working dilutions. After plating, the cells were treated with BVZ and transfected with the plasmids according to the experimental needs.