Western blot analysis was used to detect the LC3II, the indicator of autophagosome formation. Mitophagy inducer CCCP (10 μM) was used to induce mitophagy to test the migration and invasion in tumor cells. Bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1, 50 nM) or chloroquine (25 μM) was used to block the fusion of autophagosome/mitophagosome to lysosome and inhibit the lysosomal activity, respectively. TEM was performed to observe the subcellular morphology.
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