Cell culture

A human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were purchased from Lonza, Victoria, Australia, and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs) were kind gifts from Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA. Mouse lung endothelial cells (MLECs) were immortalized using SV‐40T antigen. All endothelial cells types were cultured in EGM‐2 Bullet Kit with 5% foetal bovine serum (FBS), known as EGM‐2 growth media (Lonza, Mount Waverley, VIC, Australia). Human dermal fibroblasts were cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS. Endothelial and fibroblast cells were cultured in standard cell culture conditions using a 5% CO₂ incubator at 37°C. All high quality chemicals were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich, Castle Hill, NSW, Australia unless otherwise specified.