Data and Sample

We utilized 15 years of cross-sectional data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Administered by SAMHSA, the NSDUH provides annual estimates for substance use risk among a nationally representative sample of civilian, noninstitutionalized individuals aged 12 and older (CBHSQ, 2017). The study’s analytic sample was limited to non-Hispanic White (hereafter, “White”; n = 153,087), non-Hispanic Black/African American (hereafter, “Black”; n = 35,216), and Hispanic (n = 45,780) young people aged 12–17. A detailed description of the NSDUH’s methodology is available elsewhere (SAMHSA, 2018).