Kidney and Heart Pathology

Rats were perfused transcardially with normal saline followed by 10% formalin. Kidneys and hearts were removed and stored in 10% formalin until sectioned. Kidney sections were stained using hematoxylin and eosin and Periodic acid-Schiff, and heart sections were stained with H&E and Masson’s trichrome, by the histology core at the University of Florida. Kidney and heart pathologies were assessed using scoring systems as detailed previously (Jokinen et al. 2011; Reinhard et al. 1991). Assessments were made by an individual who was blinded to the treatment.