After 30 days of transplanting, the youngest fully expanded leaves were harvested between 0900 h–1000 h and ETR, qP and NPQ were determined at 25 °C in the laboratory. Prior to measurements, the leaves were pre-darkened for 15 min. By using the IMAGING PAM MAXI (Walz, Effeltrich, Germany), images of fluorescence emission were digitized within the camera and transferred via ethernet interface (GigEVision®) to the PC for storage and analysis. Measurements and calculations of ETR, qP and NPQ were described previously (He et al., 2017b).
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