Human promonocytic THP-1 cells (ATCC) were maintained in RPMI-1640 medium (Sigma) with 2 mM L-glutamine supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco) at 37°C in a humidified, 5% CO2 atmosphere. Cell line maintenance was performed according to supplier instructions. Maturation of THP-1 into macrophages was induced by incubation with 200 nM of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; Sigma) for 24 h.
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