2.6. Particle Size Distribution

The particle size distribution of the emulsion samples was analyzed using a Mastersizer 2000 particle size analyzer (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Worestershire, UK) adopting the laser diffraction method. The obscuration rate was set at 5%, while the stirrer speed was maintained at 2500 rpm. The refractive indexes of SBO and water were fixed at 1.465 and 1.333, respectively. The background and sample measurement time were set at 10 s. To avoid multiple light scattering effects, dilution using distilled water to achieve a 0.05% droplet concentration was performed on all the emulsion samples. The particle size distribution was reported as volume-weighted mean diameter (d_4,3), which was determined using the following formula: d_4,3 = Σn_id_i⁴/Σn_id_i³, where n_i represents the number of particles of diameter d_i. The analysis was conducted in triplicate on all the emulsion samples.