Preparation of Solanum nigrum extract

The S. nigrum is abundantly found in open grasslands of Southern Iran, and in this study, the specimens were taken from an area around the city of Bandar Abbas. Following identification by a Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences taxonomist, 1 kg of S. nigrum fruit, dried for 2 weeks under shade at room temperature (26°C ± 1°C), was ground into powder. Deionized water was added to the powder to get the fruit extract through boiling and continuously stirring the suspension for 15 min. Postfilteration (filter paper by Whatman No. 1) yield of the extract was 21% for the sample dried at 80°C until constant weight was achieved. Before use, the concentrated extract and fraction as stock were frozen (−20°C) in a desiccant. For every gram of S. nigrum fruit, the extract dry matter weighed 75.7 mg.