MDA, which is the main by-product of polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation, is a known biomarker of lipid peroxidation principally induced by ROS. The MDA concentration in plasma and lung tissue was determined using the Thiobarbituric Acid-Reactive Substance (TBARS) assay. In this method, MDA reacts with thiobarbituric acid to produce a pink color and its absorbance is measured spectrophotometrically at 532 nm. The MDA level was expressed as nmol/ml tissue extract normalized to protein content of the sample (nmol/ml tissue extract/mg protein) for tissue MDA and nmol/ml of plasma for plasma MDA (26).
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