Mitochondrial membrane potential detection

Mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using fluorescent probe jc-1. Macrophages were incubated with 10 mg/mL jc-1 for 20 minutes at 37°C in the dark. The fluorescence intensity was measured using a fluorospectrophotometer (Varian Australia Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia) at 488 nm excitation and 530 nm (green) and 590 nm (red) emission wavelengths. Experiments were repeated three times independently.