Participants

Twenty lean [10 males, body mass index (BMI) 22 ± 0.5 kg/m², age: 28 ± 2 yr] 18 overweight (12 males, BMI 27 ± 0.3 kg/m², age: 32 ± 3 yr), and 19 obese (12 males, BMI 35 ± 1 kg/m², age: 30 ± 2 yr) participants were enrolled in the study. Participant demographics have been published previously (9, 10). In brief, all participants were weight stable for at least 3 mo before inclusion in the study and reported no gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, had no prior GI surgery, did not take medications or supplements known to affect GI motility or appetite (including fish oil), consumed <20 g of alcohol per week, and were nonsmokers. The study protocol was approved by the Royal Adelaide Hospital Research Ethics Committee and carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Each participant provided written, informed consent before inclusion in the study. The trial was registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.anzctr.org.au Trial no. ACTRN12612000376842).