Reagents and antibodies

Trypsin, DMEM, and DMEM/F12 were obtained from Gibco. Lipofectamine 3000 and normal mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) were purchased from Invitrogen Corporation (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Rabbit anti-ZIKV NS1 (1:1000; catalog no. GTX133307) and COL4A1 antibodies (1:1000; catalog no. GTX130215) were purchased from GeneTex (USA). Anti-Flag (F3165) antibody (1:2000), anti-HA (H9658) antibody, and monoclonal mouse anti-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase antibody (GAPDH; 1:5000; G9295) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Anti-ZO-1 antibody (catalog no. sc-33725) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). Anti-ZIKV antibody (FITC-Z6) and ZIKV-specific neutralizing antibody-Z23 (targeting the E protein) were kindly provided by Dr. George F. Gao (Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China). Anti-green fluorescent protein (GFP) antibody (catalog no. 50430-2-Ap), anti-occludin antibody (catalog no. 27260-1-AP), and anti-claudin-1 antibody (catalog no. 13050-1-AP) were purchased from Proteintech Group (Chicago, IL, USA). Anti-human MMP9 antibody (catalog no.13667) was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Boston, MA, USA), anti-mouse MMP9 antibody (catalog no. AF909) and recombinant mouse MMP9 proteins (catalog no. 909-MM) were purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Ifnar-blocking mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAR1-5A3, BE0241) and anti-mouse IgG1 isotype control (MOPC-21, BE0083) were purchased from Bio X Cell. CCK8 Kit was purchased from biosharp (BS350B). NS1 protein and anti-NS1 polyclonal antibodies (neutralization of NS1) were kindly provided by Dr. Gong Cheng (Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China).