Cell viability analysis

Viability of cells treated with pesticidal active compounds was analyzed in HepaRG cells using the WST-1 cell assay (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA) as described by Luckert et al. (2018[45]). In brief, cells were seeded in 96-well plates and incubated with the respective test compound. Triton X-100 (0.01 %) served as a positive control for cytotoxicity. One hour before the end of incubation, 10 µl WST-1 reagent was added to each well containing 100 µl medium and incubated again for one hour. Afterwards, absorbance was measured at 450 nm and corrected by values measured at the reference wavelength of 620 nm, using an Infinite M200 Pro plate reader (Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland). At least three independent biological replicates, each with six technical replicates per condition, were run.