Matrigel adhesion assay

The cell-matrix attachment was carried out as previously described [35]. Briefly, cells were added to 96-well plate coated with Matrigel (BD Bioscience) and incubated at 37°C for 40 minutes. The membrane was washed 5 times, then fixed in 4% formaldehyde for 10 minutes before being stained in 0.5% crystal violet. The number of adherent cells was counted from 2 random fields per well and minimum of 4 replicate wells per sample at ×40 magnification.