Tumor xenograft mouse models

Tumor xenograft mouse models were established as the following steps^41,42. Male athymic BALB/c nude mice (6 weeks old, Chinese Academy of Sciences) were raised in specific pathogen-free conditions, and were housed with a 12-h light/dark schedule at 25 ± 1 °C and were fed an autoclaved chow diet and water ad libitum. The mice were randomly divided into groups before injection. The tumor growth of Huh7-shNC and Huh7-shTRIM25-1&2 cells were determined following subcutaneous injection of cells into nude mice, respectively (2.0 × 10⁶ cell/mouse, eight mice/group). Four weeks post injection, the mice were sacrificed under anesthesia, and the tumor samples were then collected for further analysis. All animal experiments were undertaken in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations and were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at SIAT.