2ʹ,3ʹ-cGAMP and Lipofectamine 2000 (InvivoGen); polybrene (Millipore); RNAiso Plus (Takara); SYBR Green mix (Bio-Rad); Dual-Specific Luciferase Assay Kit (Promega); nocodazole, digitonin, thymidine, okadaic acid, HT-DNA (Sigma); paclitaxel and RO-3306 (Selleck); puromycin (Thermo); purified CDK1-cyclin B complex and Hoechst33442 (Life Technologies); Malachite Green Phosphate Detection Kit (CST); calyculin A (MCE); DNeasy® Blood & Tissue Kit (Qiagen); recombinant IFN-β (R&D systems) were purchased for the indicated manufacturers.
Mouse monoclonal antibodies against HA (Origene, Cat# TA180128); FLAG (Sigma, F3165) and β-actin (Sigma, A2228); rabbit antibodies against cGAS (Cell Signaling Technology, 66546S/31659S), phosphor-Tyrosine701-STAT1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9167S), phosphor-Serine727-STAT1(Cell Signaling Technology, 8826S), phosphor-Serine396-IRF3 (Cell Signaling Technology, 4947S), phosphor-Serine366-MITA (Cell Signaling Technology, 50907S), MITA (Cell Signaling Technology, 13647S); phosphor-Serine-TBK1 (Abcam, ab109272), TBK1 (Abcam, ab40647), phosphor-Serine386-IRF3 (Abcam, ab76493); phosphor-Serine10-Histone H3 (Zenbio, Cat No. 301271); IRF3 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, sc-33641) and STAT1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, sc-417) were purchased from the indicated manufacturers. Antisera against phosphor-Serine291-mcGAS were generated by immunizing rabbits with synthetic peptide of mouse cGAS (284VEKEKPGSPAVTLLIRN300) by ABclonal Technology (Wuhan).
The 293T cells were originally provided by Dr. Gary Johnson (National Jewish Health); THP1 cells were obtained from ATCC; H2B-RFP expressing HeLa cells were provided by Dr. Qiang Chen (Wuhan University); HT1080 and Raw264.7 cells were obtained from CCTCC (China Center for Type Culture Collection); cGas+/+ and cGas−/− L929 cells were provided by Dr. Jiahuai Han (Xiamen University); and MLFs were prepared as described40.
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