Cell viability assay

Following treatment, the MTT assay was used to detect cell viability. Briefly, 10 µM MTT (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.; at 5 mg/ml) was added to each well, at a final concentration of 200 µg/ml and incubated for 4 h. The resulting intracellular purple formazan was solubilized and quantified by spectrophotometry. The absorbance of the sample was read at a wavelength of 570 nm and cell viability was calculated according to the following equation:

Cell viability (%) = mean absorbance of sample/mean absorbance of control × 100 and activity (%) = 100 - cell viability (%).