Statistics

Data are presented as mean (SD) for normally distributed continuous data and median with 25th and 75th quantiles for non-normally distributed data. Categorical data are presented as numbers and percentages. Results from the OA-QI are reported as pass rates for each of the 16 quality indicators separately, and as summary pass rates across all quality indicators for each patient, as described in the original publication. Separate quality indicator pass rates were calculated as the percentage of patients responding “yes” out of the total number responding either “yes” or “no,” combined, taking the relevance of the quality indicator into account. Summary pass rates for each individual patient were calculated as the percentage of indicators with the response “yes” out of the total number of indicators with responses “yes” or “no,” combined (Østerås et al. 2013). Statistical analyses were performed with the statistical package R, version 3.4.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).