After imaging by laser scanning confocal microscopy, the forewings were coated with gold-palladium and examined using a JOEL JCM-6000 NeoScope Benchtop scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at accelerating voltage of 5kV. The samples were mounted using carbon tape and examined for the presence of cuticular spikes in close proximity to the vein joint on the dorsal and ventral. Subsequently, a detailed joint-by-joint mapping of the spikes was done.
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