Patients

Eligible patients were candidates for RP with histologically confirmed prostatic adenocarcinoma with biopsy Gleason score 4 + 3 = 7 or greater (≥ 3 positive core biopsy specimens or > 1-cm tumor on prostate magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]), PSA greater than 20 ng/mL, or T3 disease (by prostate MRI). Patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1 and no evidence of metastatic disease on radiologic imaging, with lymph nodes smaller than 20 mm (assessed on local review). Baseline testosterone was 200 ng/dL or more. No prior prostate cancer treatment was allowed. Patients initiated on first-generation anti-androgens or an LHRH agonist within 4 weeks of study treatment were eligible. All patients provided written informed consent.