2.4. Statistics

Microarray data were analyzed by moderated t statistics and f statistics implemented in the limma package.30 Probabilities were adjusted for multiple comparisons by Benjamini–Hochberg's method.31 Effect size was estimated by means of Cohen's D method.32 Correlations were calculated using the Spearman's rho. Differences in WBC counts between pre‐ and post‐LPS samples were analyzed using Kruskal‐Wallis test and Wilcoxon's rank sum test. The proportion of variance in gene expression explained by WBC counts and differentials was calculated using linear models implemented in the variancePartition method.33 We present data in the form of volcano plots, heatmap plots, violin plots, hierarchical clustering trees, bar plots, and box plots. Statistical analysis was performed in the R statistical environment (version 3.5.1 R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).