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IBL was calculated using the method described by Choi et al[20] (volume in suction bottle – amount of irrigation fluid) + amount of blood on the surgical field + amount of blood on surgical pads (fully soaked: 20 mL; half soaked: 10 mL). The amount of blood drained via a hemovac (ID-VAC; Insung Medical Co., Yangpyung, Korea) during the 48-hour postoperative period was measured as the PBL. Crystalloid, colloid, and blood requirements were evaluated during the intra- and postoperative periods.

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