A meta-analysis was performed on studies with similar outcomes. We assessed the effects of secondhand smoke exposure from active smokers. In assessing outcomes an odds ratio (OR) was used for dichotomous data, and a student’s t distribution with weighted mean difference (WMD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for continuous data. The results were presented as means and standard deviations with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Data were analyzed using Review Manager (RevMan 5.3.5). Probability (p) values of less than 0.05 indicated statistical significance.
Moreover, exclusive breastfeeding is often measured up to six months because complementary feeding starts around same time. Therefore, we set the outcome measurement point up to six months.
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