Unilateral conductive hearing loss was induced in the right ear using the procedures similar to those described in previous studies (Tucci et al., 1999; Xu et al., 2007). Surgical anesthesia was induced with pentobarbital sodium (40 mg/kg i.p.) and was confirmed by a complete elimination of responses to nociceptive stimuli. In the right ear, both the tympanic membrane and the malleus were removed with jeweler’s forceps under microscope. Following the surgery the animals were allowed to fully recover under supervision and then were returned to their cages.
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