A plate colony formation assay was conducted as described previously.27 Briefly, The Saos2 or hFOB.1.19 cells (51 cells per cm2) were seeded in six-well plates and cultivated in RPMI-1640 complete medium at 37°C for 14 days. The cell colonies were washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), fixed with methanol for 20 min, and stained with 0.1% crystal violet in PBS (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, Haimen, China) for 15 min. The colonies containing >50 cells were counted and the experiments were performed in triplicate.
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