Demographics, Comorbidities, and Disease Severity

Patients completed questionnaires on demographic information. Medical comorbidities required a patient self-report of a doctor diagnosis. Sinus-specific quality of life (QOL) was assessed using the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT22). The SNOT22 contains 22 questions (total score range, 0–110), with higher scores representing more severe QOL impact.¹⁰ Computed tomography (CT) scans of the sinuses were graded according to Lund-Mackay staging system with reviewers blinded to patient-reported clinical data.¹¹ Sinonasal endoscopy was performed and graded according to the Lund-Kennedy system with reviewing physicians blinded to questionnaires.¹²