Rat model of neuropathic pain was induced by SNL as described previously.18 Briefly, the rats were anesthetized with 2% sodium pentobarbital intraperitoneally (50 mg/kg body weight), and a midline incision was made along the skin of L4–L6 spinal dorsal horn. After separating the left paraspinal muscles and removing the L6 transverse process, the left L5 spinal nerve was exposed. Subsequently, the L5 spinal nerve was separated carefully and ligated tightly with a 4-0 silk thread. The rats in the sham group underwent the same operation except for nerve ligation.
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