Newborn femurs were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, decalcified with 0.4 M EDTA before paraffin embedding and 5 μm sections were used for Safranin O and Masson’s trichrome staining or immunofluorescence.
For immunofluorescence, sections were subjected to digestion with 0.5 U/ml chondroitinase ABC (Sigma-Aldrich) for 2 h at 37 °C and, after blocking with 1% BSA, were incubated with anti-HS (1/100, Amsbio, clone F58-10E4, catalogue number 370255-1) and anti-CS (1/200, Amsbio, clone 2B6, catalogue number 270432-CS) antibodies. Alexa fluor 594 goat anti-mouse was used as secondary antibody and slides were mounted in Prolong Gold Antifade with DAPI mounting medium (1/200; Life Technologies, catalogue number A11005) and scanned using a Nanozoomer 2.0 (Hamamatsu). Specific signal intensity was measured with ImageJ software, selecting equivalent areas of the growth plate in each group.
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