Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables are presented as percentages (absolute numbers). Mann–Whitney test or Student t test was used to compare continuous variables and chi-square or the Fisher exact test to compare categorical variables. A value of P <.05 was considered statistically significant. All tests were 2-tailed. Statistical analyses were performed by using the using SPSS software, version 22 (IBM SPSS Statistics 22, NY).
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