Surgical procedures

All patients with DDH (LCEA <25 degrees and/or Tonnis angle >10 degrees) underwent a PAO and 48.5% underwent concomitant femoral neck osteochondroplasty. The FAI subgroup included 46% cam (alpha angle > 50 degrees), 7% pincer (cross-over sign and/or ischial spine sign) and 47% mixed morphologies. FAI treatment was completed by hip arthroscopy in 55% of patients and by open surgical dislocation in 37% of patients. The remaining 8% of FAI patients could not be divided as either arthroscopic or open surgical dislocation due to incomplete data. Surgical techniques and post-operative management were proper to each center and surgeons involved in this study. No attempts were made to standardize those protocols as the presenting patient population was of interest.