Statistically significant differences were determined using Prism statistical software (Graph Prism 4.03, San Diego, CA, USA). All data were presented as mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. For data analysis, unpaired t test or one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s or Bonferroni’s post test was applied. All P values resulted from two-sided statistical tests and statistical significance was set at *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001.
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