Protein preparation

After 12 h of fasting, KM mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10 for each group): the group 1 was served as a control, and received only blank 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution; meanwhile group 2 was the extracts of SE and group 3 was the extraction of SEP, in which the mice were orally administered at the dose of 1.5 ml/20 g and 1.0 ml/20 g, respectively, with the same amount of crude drug. In order to validate the results induced by SE and SEP, group 4 was administered 20 mg/20 g Euphorbiae factor 1(EFL₁) to further verify the protein networks. Mice then received standard diet and water ad libitum. 6 h later, mice were sacrificed, from which the colon were obtained and frozen in liquid nitrogen immediately until they were used for analysis.