Pup retrieval is a well-established test to measure maternal motivation and behavior (Porter, 1983). The test was performed in the home cage on postnatal day (PD) 7 (n = 6 for the MDPV-treated group, and n = 7 for the control group). After removing the dam from the cage, pups were placed in the farthest corner away from the nest (~30 cm away). The dam was then returned to the original nest position. The time elapsed between reintroduction of the dam and touching the first pup, as well as the latency to retrieve all the pups to nest position, were recorded. There was a time ceiling at 600 s if the dam failed to retrieve her pups.
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