The methods have been described previously13. Briefly, PBFI-AM (Potassium-binding benzofuran isophthalate-AM) (Invitrogen™ Molecular Probes™, Thermo Fisher Scientific), a cell permeant potassium indicator, was used for measuring intracellular K+ content. After cultured cells were washed with Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS), 5 μM PBFI and 10 μM F-127 were added to cells, which were incubated for 40 min at 5% CO2 and 37 °C in the dark. Cells were washed again with HBSS thrice, and then subjected to a fluorescent microscope (Leica DMIRB, Germany). Measurements were made by exciting PBFI at 340 nm and monitoring emission at 500 nm. The fluorescence intensity was assessed by using the NIH imaging software Image J.
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