Cold Pressor Task (CPT)

Children first placed their non-dominant hand in room temperature water (36° Celsius) to familiarize themselves with the procedure. Then, they placed that same hand in 7° Celsius water. Children were asked to remove their hand from the water when they could no longer stand the pain. Time of hand removal was recorded and used to operationally define pain tolerance with longer durations reflecting greater pain tolerance. A four-minute ceiling was used such that children were instructed to remove their hand from the water after four-minutes if they had not already done so (see Supplemental Procedures Material).