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Preparation of precursor solutions

YK Yeonwoo Kim
SY Sena Yang
YK Yeji Kang
BK Byung-Kwon Kim
HL Hangil Lee
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We prepared the precursor solutions by carrying out one-pot syntheses. 10 mmol of tin (IV) chloride pentahydrate (SnCl4∙5H2O, 98%) and 0.5 mmol of antimony (III) chloride (SbCl3, >99.0%) were added to 10 ml of 2-methoxy ethanol (≥99.9%). Dopants (M) were added in the form of the transition metal nitrate n-hydrate (TM(NO3)x∙nH2O) in desired amounts that were determined by calculating the mole fraction of the metal dopant according to the equation (moles of TM)/((moles of TM) + (moles of Sn)). Specifically, Cr(NO3)3·9H2O (99%), Mn(NO3)2·xH2O (98%), Fe(NO3)3·9H2O (98%), and Co(NO3)2·6H2O (≥98%) were used as dopants. All substances were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Precursor solutions were stirred for 10 minutes. L-cysteine (Sigma Aldrich, 97% purity), and Nafion (Sigma Aldrich, 5 wt% in a low-molecular-weight aliphatic alcohol and water) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) tablets were purchased from Gibco.

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