Protein Lysate Preparation and Immunoblot Analysis

Cells were lysed in RIPA buffer containing phosphatase inhibitor. Protein lysates were separated by electrophoresis using 10% Tris-Glycine or 4-12% Bis-Tris gels (ThermoFisher, MA). Primary and secondary antibodies used are listed in Supplementary Table S4. Signals were with ECL detection (Amersham Biosciences, UK) or SuperSignal West Dura Extended Duration system (Thermofisher, MA) per the manufacturer’s instructions. Quantification analysis was performed using ImageJ 1.42q software (http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/). β-actin was used as normalization control.