Once the study was completed, rats were deeply anaesthetized with isoflurane and recording sites were electrolytically lesioned with direct current (2 mA for 2 seconds) before transcardial perfusion. Microlesions marking the electrode placements were identified in 50 μm sections of Nissl stained, formalin-fixed tissue. VTA electrode placements were verified via sections immunohistochemically labelled for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; anti-TH primary antibody was AB152 from Millipore). TH is a marker of dopamine producing neurons and has previously been used to define the boundary of the VTA65. All VTA electrode placements were within the TH+ area, indicating that we recorded LFPs originating from the location of dopaminergic neurons (see Fig. S2).
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