Genomic DNA was amplified with four primer pairs targeting exons 18 to 21 and labeled using the EGFR Mutation Detection Kit (Guangzhou Life Technologies Daan Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China). Sequencing and data collection were performed using an ABI 3100 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). All sequence variations were confirmed by multiple independent PCR amplifications and repeat sequencing as previously described.12 The difference between high and low mutation abundance was as previously defined.13
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