In the OPPERA prospective cohort study, the target sample size of 3,200 enrollees was expected to yield 196 first-onset TMD cases during a three-year follow-up period. Calculations made when designing the study indicated that those numbers would provide 80% statistical power to detect risk ratios of at least 1.8 for risk predictors with as few as 15% of people in the high-risk category [6].
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